(DOWNLOAD) "Human Development and Public Policy: An Assessment of Marxist Ideologies in India (Report)" by Forum on Public Policy: A Journal of the Oxford Round Table # eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: Human Development and Public Policy: An Assessment of Marxist Ideologies in India (Report)
- Author : Forum on Public Policy: A Journal of the Oxford Round Table
- Release Date : January 22, 2010
- Genre: Law,Books,Professional & Technical,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 386 KB
Description
Introducing the Issues Amiya Bagchi, a former Professor of the renowned Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, has recently become the Director of the Institute of Development Studies in Calcutta. A winner of the prestigious Indian government's "Padma Shri" national award, he theorizes in his significant works, including about 300 scholarly articles, about the dismal role of the Indian state, where capital constantly tries to expand the free market in order to realize "surplus value" harming the human development of the majority of Indians. He claims that the driving force in human underdevelopment in India is conscious will of capital (1) that is reinforced with the inroads of the multinational corporations, unhindered flow external capital through commerce, and foreign direct investments. Karl Marx (Das Kapital) shows how commerce by stages transforms a non-capitalist production process into a capitalist production process, fully integrating it into markets so that all inputs and outputs become marketed goods or services. In the debate about India's human underdevelopment, especially sustained poverty of the majority, Bagchi introduces the concept of class conflict, rather than a Marxist "class struggle." However, consciousness of class is a European concept that involves an "outsider" imputing a politically appropriate, logically consistent and historically necessary set of universalistic beliefs to particular socio-economic agents. (2) Bagchi ignores that capital itself may become more abstract than concrete. It is questionable whether corporations should be treated as private individuals with rights like free speech. Since the state cannot effectively control the corporations, then new forms of political entity must evolve to gain more democratic participation in economic decisions. (3) Amartya Sen asks whether there is "anything other than exchange of equal values in the market, (4) indirectly disagreeing with Bagchi's economic calculation in surplus value. Ludwig von Moses (1929) holds that the "surplus value" is purely subjective, and cannot be derived from other factors, because summary statements are about the average tendency, not about the entire complexity.
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